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Volume 25 |
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Published by : PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS |
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Volume 25 |
January - March 2009 |
Number 1 |
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Effects of Tramadol on shivering post spinal
anesthesia in elective cesarean sectionFatemeh Javaherforoosh1, Reza Akhondzadeh2,
Kaveh Beh Aein3, Alireza Olapour4, Mehrdad Samimi5ABSTRACT
Background and Objective: Post operative shivering is a complication commonly observed in post spinal anesthesia. For prevention and treatment of this complication different drugs are used. This study evaluated the effects of tramadol for post operative shivering prevention in parturients carried out by help of spinal anesthesia (SA) for cesarean section.
Methodology: In this randomized double blind cross-sectional study, 90 patients who were candidates for cesarean section with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I or II, from April 2005 until February 2006 were randomly allocated to one of two groups (study and control). All patients underwent spinal anesthesia. Near the end of operation, 1mg/kg tramadol in 20ml (diluted by normal saline) to study group and 20ml of normal saline to control group was slowly injected intravenously. Patients were evaluated regarding their hemodynamic signs, arterial oxygen saturation percentage, oral temperature, presence and intensity of shivering and nausea and vomiting. Collected data was analysed by using of Chi-square test.
Results: Thirty nine patients(86.6%)in control group had shivering, while only four patients (8.8%) in study group had shivering. Thirty three patients (73.3%) of control group experienced moderate shivering and six patients (13.3%) experienced mild shivering. In study group two patients (50%) had moderate shivering and two patients (50%) experienced mild shivering. Neither group experienced severe shivering. Therefore between the two groups a significant difference (P<0.001) was seen. There were no significant differences between the two groups according to heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation percentage, nausea and vomiting and body temperature of the patients.
Conclusions: Tramadol is an effective drug in prevention of post spinal anesthesia shivering. In addition, this does not lead to any hemodynamic complications. As such drug is safe and effective for prevention of post spinal anesthesia shivering.
KEY WORDS: Tramadol, Spinal anesthesia, Post spinal anesthesia, Shivering.
Pak J Med Sci January - March 2009 Vol. 25 No. 1 12-17
How to cite this article:
Javaherforoosh F, Akhondzadeh R, Aein KB, Olapour A, Samimi M. Effects of Tramadol on shivering post spinal anesthesia in elective cesarean section. Pak J Med Sci 2009;25(1):12-17.
1. Fatemeh Javaherforoosh,
2. Reza Akhondzadeh,
3. Kaveh Beh Aein,
4. Alireza Olapour,
5. Mehrdad Samimi,
1-5: Assistant of Anesthesiology,
Department of Anesthesiology,
Ahwaz Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences,
Imam Khomayni Hospital,
Ahwaz – Iran.Correspondence
Dr. Fatemeh Javaherforoosh,
Assistant of Anesthesiology, Dept. of Anesthesiology,
Ahwaz Jondi Shapour University of Medical Sciences,
Imam Khomayni Hospital, Ahwaz – Iran.
E-mail: f_Javaherforoosh@yahoo.com
* Received for Publication: April 15, 2008
* Revision Received: October 15, 2008
* Revision Accepted: October 16, 2008
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