Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences

Published by : PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL PUBLICATIONS

ISSN 1681-715X

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

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Volume 24

July - September 2008

Number  4


 

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Depression in hemodialysis patients

Muhammad Anees1, Haris Barki2, Mahrukh Masood3,
Muhammad Ibrahim4, Asim Mumtaz5

ABSTRACT

Objective: To measure the frequency of depression and its risk factors in patients under going hemodialysis.

Methodology: It is a cross-sectional prospective study conducted at Hemodialysis unit of Shalamar Hospital and Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2006 to 30th April 2006. All patients getting regular hemodialysis for more than three months were included. Beck’s Depression Inventory- II (BDI-II; adapted in Urdu) was administered on all the patients who were able to read or understand it. Blood sample were drawn at the same time for routine hematological, biochemical parameters and viral markers (Anti HCV and HbsAg). Diagnosis was made as per Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM IV) for correlation of psychological variables with clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters.

Results: Eighty nine patients were enrolled which included fifty two (58.4%) were male and seventy seven (86.5%) were married. Major causes of renal failure were diabetes, hypertension and chronic glomerulonephrotis. Duration of dialysis was from 03 to 49 months with mean of 19.64 ± 11.7 months. Severity of depression was categorized in to mild, moderate and severe on the basis of BDI score. Majority of the patients fifty (56.1%) were moderately to severely depressed and there was no gender difference in the prevalence of depression.

Conclusions: Majority of patients undergoing hemodialysis were depressed. Major risk factors for depression were marital status, illiteracy, number of children, socioeconomic factors, gender, hypertension and hypoalbuminemia. Patients with anemia, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia had suicidal tendency. Patients with hepatitis C and disturbed liver function have strong correlation with psychological parameters.

KEY WORDS: Renal failure, Depression, Hemodialysis, Illetracy.

Pak J Med Sci    July - September 2008    Vol. 24 No. 4    560-565

How to cite this article:

Anees M, Barki H, Masood M, Mumtaz A, Kausar T. Depression in hemodialysis patients. Pak J Med Sci 2008;24(4):560-5.


1. Dr. Muhammad Anees, MBBS, FCPS
Consultant Nephrologist,
Shalamar Hospital,
Lahore - Pakistan.
2. Dr. Muhammad Haris Barki, PhD
Director,
Sexual Health institute of Pakistan,
Lahore - Pakistan.
3. Dr. Mahrukh Masood,
Consultant Clinical Psychologist,
Shalamar Hospital, Lahore.
4. Muhammad Ibrahim,
Assistant Professor of Statistics,
Govt. Diyal Singh College,
Lahore - Pakistan.
5. Dr. Asim Mumtaz, MBBS, M.Phil,
Associate Professor of Chemical Pathology,
University of Health Sciences,
Lahore - Pakistan.

Correspondence

Dr. Muhammad Anees,
726-L Block, Johar Town,
Lahore - Pakistan.
E-mail: dranees109@hotmail.com

* Received for Publication: April 5, 2008
* Accepted: July 9, 2008



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